Difference between revisions of "Wetting"
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Revision as of 01:15, 2 October 2012
Written by Grant England AP225, Fall 2011
Contents
Introduction
Wetting refers to how well or poorly a liquid contacts a surface. Usually the term applies to water, where if a surface is hydrophobic it will not wet well while if it is hydrophilic it will wet well. The relative hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity of a substrate can be determined by measuring the contact angle of water with the surface. A liquid wets a surface better if it has a low contact angle with that surface. In general, if the contact angle is lower than 90 degrees, the liquid is considered to be wetting for that surface; while, if the contact angle is greater than 90 degrees, the liquid is non-wetting for the surface.
Cassie and Wenzel States
Surfaces can be made to be superhydrophobic or superhydrophilic by modification to have high aspect-ratio structures (micro-posts) on their surfaces, and chemical modification of these surfaces with hydrophobic or hydrophilic functional groups. Depending on the energetics of the surface, a drop of liquid on such a surface can be in either of two states--sitting on top of the micro-posts or sitting with the micro-posts embedded within it. The former is the Cassie state and the latter is the Wenzel state.
Ways to Change Wetting
Surfactants can change the wetting properties of a liquid, since they change the energetics of the surface of the liquid. Also, changing the properties of the surface by chemical functionalization or modification of the surface (etching or other methods of attaining high aspect-ratio structures on the surface which increase the microscopic surface area) can change a liquid-solid interaction from wetting to non-wetting or vice versa.
See also
Wetting from Lectures for AP225.
Aizenberg Lab @Harvard: Wettability
Keyword in references:
Critical Casimir effect in three-dimensional Ising systems: Measurements on binary wetting films
Dewetting-Induced Membrane Formation by Adhesion of Amphiphile-Laden Interface
Encoding complex wettability patterns in chemically functionalized 3D photonic crystals
Pitcher plant inspired non-stick surface
Steering nanofibers: An integrative approach to bio-inspired fiber fabrication and assembly
Combinatorial Wetting in Colour: An Optofluidic Nose
Functionalized glass coating for PDMS microfluidic devices
Elastic Instability in Growing Yeast Colonies
Liquid-infused structured surfaces with exceptional anti-biofouling performance
Liquid-Infused Nanostructured Surfaces with Extreme Anti-Ice and Anti-Frost Performance
Wetting in Color: Colorimetric Differentiation of Organic Liquids with High Selectivity
Electric-field-induced capillary attraction between like-charged particles at liquid interfaces
Dynamic mechanisms for apparent slip on hydrophobic surfaces
Linear stability and transient growth in driven contact lines
Spreading of Droplets on a Solid Surface
DNA molecules and configurations in a solid- state nanopore microscope
Graphene as a subnanometre trans-electrode membrane
Elasticity of an interfacial particle raft
Nested self-similar wrinkling patterns in skins
Soft lubrication: The elastohydrodynamics of nonconforming and conforming contacts
Capillary rise between elastic sheets
Dynamics of Surfactant-Driven Fracture of Particle Rafts
Mechanics of Interfacial Composite Materials
The Universal Dynamics of Cell Spreading
Localized and extended deformations of elastic shells
Self-Organization of a Mesoscale Bristle into Ordered, Hierarchical Helical Assemblies
Hygromorphs: from pine cones to biomimetic bilayers
Infochemistry: Encoding Information as Optical Pulses Using Droplets in a Microfluidic Device
Control of Shape and Size of Nanopillar Assembly by Adhesion-Mediated Elastocapillary Interaction
Shock-driven jamming and periodic fracture of particulate rafts
Hydrodynamics of Writing with Ink
Skating on a Film of Air: Drops Impacting on a Surface
Single molecule statistics and the polynucleotide unzipping transition
Stable island arrays by height-constrained Stranski–Krastanov growth
Nanoscale Domain Stability in Organic Monolayers on Metals
Electromigration lifetime and critical void volume
Statistics of Electromigration Lifetime Analyzed Using a Deterministic Transient Model
Saturated voids in interconnect lines due to thermal strains and electromigration
Drying-induced bifurcation in a hydrogel-actuated nanostructure
Foldable Printed Circuit Boards on Paper Substrates
One-step formation of multiple emulsions in microfluidics
A new device for the generation of microbubbles
Microfluidic synthesis of advanced microparticles for encapsulation and controlled release
Monodisperse Gas-Filled Microparticles from Reactions in Double Emulsions
Patterned Colloidal Coating Using Adhesive Emulsions
Surface-Tension-Induced Synthesis of Complex Particles Using Confined Polymeric Fluids
Glass coating for PDMS microfluidic channels by sol–gel methods
