Difference between revisions of "Emulsion"
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Revision as of 20:40, 19 November 2012
Definition
An emulsion is a mixture of two liquids that are typically immiscible (don't blend) that forms a two phase system. One of the two liquids is dispersed in the mixture, forming the dispersed phase. The other liquid contains the dispersion and is known as the continuous phase. An example of two immiscible liquids would be water and oil. In general an emulsion will be unstable since the dispersed phase will try to decrease it's surface tension by grouping with other dispersed droplets until the liquids separate again. However, a stable emulsion can be formed by the addition of emulsifiers, such as surfactants that distribute themselves around the interface between the two liquids, creating a stable system. Emulsions are generally regarded as a special class of colloids where both the continuous and dispersed mediums are liquid. However, this distinction is not rigid with some people such as Witten specifying the term colloid only for a mixture of solids and liquids.
Soft Matter Examples
Emulsions are an important type of "soft matter". As a system, it has many properties of a liquid but depending on the size of the dispersed phase droplets, the properties of the emulsion will be very different than those of either pure liquid.
Examples of emulsions from everyday life include butter and margarine.
References
[1] R. Jones, "Soft Condensed Matter," Oxford University Press Inc., New York (2002).
[3] T. Witten, "Structured Fluids: Polymers, Colloids, Surfactants," Oxford University Press Inc., New York (2004).
Keyword in references:
All-aqueous core-shell droplets produced in a microfluidic device
Amphiphilic Crescent-Moon-Shaped Microparticles Formed by Selective Adsorption of Colloids
Contact angle associated with thin liquid films in emulsions
Double-emulsion drops with ultra-thin shells for capsule templates
High-throughput injection with microfluidics using picoinjectors
One-Step Emulsification of Multiple Concentric Shells with Capillary Microfluidic Devices
Patterned Colloidal Coating Using Adhesive Emulsions
Patterning Hierarchy in Direct and Inverse Opal Crystals
Liquid-infused structured surfaces with exceptional anti-biofouling performance
Electric-field-induced capillary attraction between like-charged particles at liquid interfaces
Evaporation-Driven Assembly of Colloidal Particles
Self-Assembly of Spherical Particles on an Evaporating Sessile Droplet